The transition from high school to college can be challenging and bewildering for many. One of the many challenges is the shift away from teacher-centered learning to a more learner-centered approach. For the most part, university level educators shift learning strategies and techniques from those designed to teach children (pedagogy) to those designed to teach adults (andragogy). One of the pivotal assumptions is that adults are largely self-motivated and interested in learning. For this reason, university students are expected to take greater control of their education, operate more independently and set their own goals — focused on self-actualization.
There are several important characteristics of adult learning. While teaching a child, one assumes they are starting from scratch; an adult, however, is expected to utilize their life experiences as a critical component of their foundational knowledge. The relationship between student and instructor also changes. In high school instructors are called teachers and at the university they are called professors.
University professors serve more as guides and mentors who help fill knowledge gaps when needed. They also prod students to consider or ponder issues that develop their personal opinions, insights and character. Professors are experts in their field and engage in research/creative activity within that field — contributing to the advancement of the discipline. A professor is a person who professes.
An adult’s education involves setting goals and assuming responsibility for one’s own learning outcomes. It should develop one’s ability to apply various techniques and tactics to meet diverse real-world challenges. As a result, an adult educational experience should make meaningful connections with experiences outside the classroom setting. It should develop strong character traits such as integrity, honesty and courage. Adults need to move past childish self-interest — to develop empathy and understanding of others. Learning as an adult requires taking risks with imperfect information and overcoming our natural fear of failure. A college education is not about studying for a test or getting good grades but rather preparing one for a life well lived.